INTRODUCTION
1. The development of the gas turbine engine as an
aircraft power plant has been so rapid that it is
difficult to appreciate that prior to the 1950s very few
people had heard of this method of aircraft
propulsion. The possibility of using a reaction jet had
interested aircraft designers for a long time, but
initially the low speeds of early aircraft and the
unsuitably of a piston engine for producing the large
high velocity airflow necessary for the ‘jet’ presented many obstacles. Fig. 1-1 Lorin’s jet engine.
2. A French engineer, René Lorin, patented a jet propulsion engine (fig. 1-1) in 1913, but this was an athodyd (para. 11) and was at that period impossible to manufacture or use, since suitable heat resisting materials had not then been developed and, in the second place, jet propulsion would have been extremely inefficient at the low speeds of the aircraft of those days. However, today the modern ram jet is very similar to Lorin’s conception. but it was eleven years before his engine completed its first flight. The Whittle engine formed the basis of the modern gas turbine engine, and from it was developed the Rolls-Royce Welland, Derwent, Nene and Dart engines. The Derwent and Nene turbo-jet engines had world-wide military applications; the Dart turbo-propeller engine became world famous as the power plant for the Vickers Viscount aircraft. Although other aircraft may be fitted; with later engines termed twin-spool, triple-spool, by-pass,
3. In 1930 Frank Whittle was granted his first patent ducted fan, unducted fan and propfan, these are
for using a gas turbine to produce a propulsive jet, inevitable developments of Whittle’s early engine.
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